Bit Rate vs. Baud Rate

• bit: a unit of information

• baud: a unit of signaling speed

• Bit rate (or data rate): b

  • Number of bits transmitted per second

• Baud rate (or symbol rate): s

  • number of symbols transmitted per second

• General formula:

  b = s x n
  

where

b = Data Rate (bits/second)

s = Symbol Rate (symbols/sec.)

n = Number of bits per symbol

Example: AM

n = 1

? b = s

Example: 16-QAM

n = 4

? b = 4 x s

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